Roll out the dough on a lightly floured surface into a 15x21-inch rectangle. Evenly spread the cookie dough mixture, leaving a 1-inch border at the top clean. Sprinkle the chocolate chips evenly across the filling, then use your hands to press them and secure them to the filling.
Use a pizza cutter to cut twelve, 1 ¾-inch strips. Roll each strip away from you, then carefully transfer them to a parchment-lined or buttered 9x13 baking pan.
Cover the pan with plastic wrap and set it aside to rise until the rolls double in size, about 1 hour. Meanwhile, preheat the oven to 325°F/162°C.
Bake the rolls for 30-40 minutes, until the tops are golden brown and a thermometer inserted at an angle into the center roll reads 170°F.
While the rolls are baking, make the frosting. In a bowl, combine the butter and cream cheese until smooth. Then mix in the powdered sugar. Once combined, whisk in the heavy cream and vanilla until smooth.
Let the pan cool on a wire cooling rack for 15-20 minutes, then spread the frosting over the tops of the rolls. Serve warm and enjoy!